A good starting place for OpenGL and Carbon is found in the book
Ultimate Game Programming Guide for Mac OS X
[OpenGL] has an excellent web site with documentation and tutorials.
Apple's [Graphics & Imaging OpenGL] also has good resources.
Apple's [OpenGL Programming Guide for Mac OS X] has sections on "Drawing to a Cocoa View" and "Drawing to a Carbon Window". This might give you the false impression that you can only draw OpenGL to a whole window in Carbon. In fact you can use the AGL_BUFFER_RECT constant with aglSetInteger to confine OpenGL drawing to a part of a window.
Apple has put together a nice summary of third-party game engines. [Developing Games]
Example of using Quartz Services to look at the Display Modes CGDisplayAvailableModes.
Handling Display change notification CGDisplayRegisterReconfigurationCallback.
CarbonGameShell is a conversion of Keith Bauer's Cocoa GameShell. [download].
[Ultimate Game Programming] has some nice tutorials.